BB'}.breadcrumbs li:last-child:after{content:''}#breadcrumb{font-size:.7em;padding:1em 0 .7em 15px;text-transform:uppercase}#breadcrumb li{display:none;line-height:1em;padding-right:.5em}#breadcrumb li:after{color:#307530;font-size:1.25em;white-space:pre}#breadcrumb li:nth-last-child(2),#breadcrumb li:last-child{display:inline-block;font-weight:bold} .button,button,.panel .button,.panel button,.buttonBar .button,.buttonBar button,.buttonBar input[type="submit"],.mw-ui-button,input[type="submit"]{border-radius:4px;text-align:center;color:#FFF;padding:8px 11px;font-size:1.1em;margin-right:10px;cursor:pointer;background-image:none;background-color:#97ba78;border:1px solid #97ba78;-webkit-appearance:none;-moz-appearance:none} #wh_ad_middle_related{float:left}#wh_ad_tips,#pagebottom{margin-top:12px}.al_method{text-align:center;font-size:12px;color:#999}#references_first ins{margin-top:10px}.method_ad{margin:17px 0 0 -16px;display:block}.wh_ad1_full{margin-left:-16px}.embedvideocontainer{position:relative;width:99%;height:0;padding-bottom:56.25%}.section.video.youtube_short_articles{display:block}.section.video.youtube_short_articles .headline_info{display:none}.embedvideocontainer.ytshort{position:relative;width:auto;height:0;padding-bottom:177.78%}.embedvideo{position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%}body.action-view #fa_container p{width:100%;font-size:16px !important;line-height:16px !important}.content #intro ul,.content .section_text ul{list-style:disc outside;padding-left:24px}.content .section_text .steps_list_2 ul,.content .ingredients ul,.content .thingsyoullneed ul{padding-left:0}.content #intro li,.content .section_text ul li{margin-bottom:5px}.content .section_text.expert_advice_section ul li{margin-bottom:12px;font-size:14px;line-height:22px;list-style:none}.content .section_text.expert_advice_section ul{padding-left:16px}.content .expert_advice_section p{margin-bottom:10px;color:#5f5f5f;font-size:14px;line-height:23px}.content .section_text .steps_list_2 ul li,.content .ingredients ul li,.content .thingsyoullneed ul li{margin-bottom:0}.content .ingredients ul ul{margin:20px 0 0 26px}#social_proof_anchor{margin-top:-115px;display:block;position:absolute}.related-article{float:left;position:relative;width:100%;margin-bottom:2%}#relatedwikihows{padding:2%}.content-spacer{position:relative}.content-fill{position:absolute;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0;width:1px;min-width:100%;height:1px;min-height:100%;color:#fff }#mobile_tab_container{position:relative;border:1px solid #E6EEE0;border-width:1px 0;clear:both;background:#f7faf6;margin:5px -15px 15px;box-shadow:0 6px 6px -6px rgba(84,84,84,.3)}#mobile_tab_container a,#mobile_tab_container a:visited{color:#707070}.mobile_tab{position:relative;margin:0 1em 0 1.3em;padding:.7em 0 .8em;font-weight:bold;font-size:.8em;display:inline-block}.mobile_tab.video{margin-left:0}.mobile_tab a{padding:.2em 0}.mobile_tab.video a{padding-right:1.9em;background:right 0 bottom 57% / 18px no-repeat; background-image:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 15 15'%3E%3Cpath fill='%23fff' stroke='%23a3a3a3' d='M14.13 3a2.66 2.66 0 00-1.06-1.1 3.84 3.84 0 00-2.16-.4H4.1a3.88 3.88 0 00-2.17.4A2.69 2.69 0 00.88 3 4.47 4.47 0 00.5 5.34v4.32A4.5 4.5 0 00.88 12a2.69 2.69 0 001 1.14 3.88 3.88 0 002.17.4h6.81a3.84 3.84 0 002.16-.4A2.66 2.66 0 0014.13 12a4.53 4.53 0 00.37-2.3V5.34A4.51 4.51 0 0014.13 3z'/%3E%3Cpath fill='%23a3a3a3' d='M10.76 7.84a.78.78 0 01-.31.34l-4.74 2.53a.68.68 0 01-.93-.34.76.76 0 01-.08-.37V5a.73.73 0 01.7-.75.65.65 0 01.31.08l4.74 2.53a.78.78 0 01.31.98z'/%3E%3C/svg%3E")}#mobile_tab_line{position:absolute;bottom:0;background-color:#6d9d6c;height:4px;width:90%;margin-left:5%;border-radius:4px 4px 0 0}.summarysection.mwimg,.summarysection .mwimg{margin:-16px -15px 0}.content .m-video{max-width:100%;width:100%;height:auto}.summary-video{position:relative;overflow:hidden}.video-poster-image{position:absolute;z-index:1}.video-poster-image img{object-fit:cover}.green_tips_box_inline{background-color:#fff5d9;color:#000;margin:0;width:75%;display:inline}.img-loading-hide{visibility:hidden}.img-loading-alt{color:#000}#gdpr{width:100%;margin:0 auto;position:fixed;bottom:0;max-height:70px;z-index:10000;text-align:center;background-color:#475347;color:#FFF;padding:9px 5px;display:none}.gdpr_button,button.gdpr_button{background-color:#b6e684;border:1px solid #b6e684;color:#000;display:inline-block;font-size:0.8em;font-weight:bold;padding:5px 10px 6px 10px;-moz-border-radius:4px;-webkit-border-radius:4px;border-radius:4px;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:super;margin-left:5px;margin-right:0}#gdpr_text{font-size:0.9em;display:inline-block;max-width:73%;text-align:left;vertical-align:middle}#gdpr_text a{color:#EEE;text-decoration:underline}#gdpr_text_inner{padding-right:3px}#gdpr_accept_wrap{display:inline-block}#gdpr_cp_link{font-size:13px;color:#FFF;text-decoration:underline;display:inline-block}.mw-mf-display-toggle > a{color:#AFAFAF;font-size:1em}.mw-mf-display-toggle{bottom:0;margin:3em 0 10px 13px;color:#AFAFAF;font-size:.75em}.geo-group-eu .mw-mf-display-toggle{padding-left:0;background:none}.gdpr_only{visibility:hidden}.no_gdpr{visibility:visible}.geo-group-eu .gdpr_only{visibility:visible}.geo-group-eu .no_gdpr{visibility:hidden}#mw-mf-page-left{position:fixed !important;overflow-y:scroll;height:100%}body.navigation-enabled #mw-mf-page-left{display:block}.noarticletext div{border:none !important;padding:0;margin-bottom:0.75em}ol.references{padding-left:.5em}.references li{position:relative;list-style-position:outside}.references li span{margin-left:3px;word-break:break-word}.references li > a{float:left;margin-top:-2px}.sourcesandcitations{word-break:break-all}.sourcesandcitations .section_text{padding-left:30px} #aiinfo:target ~ .aidata,#social_proof_mobile:target ~ .aidata{display:block}.aidata,#aiinfo:target,#social_proof_mobile:target ~ #aiinfo{display:none}.section.articleinfo{margin-top:0;padding-top:0}.articleinfo #articleinfo{margin-top:-5px;border-radius:0 0 4px 4px;border-top:none;position:relative}#articleinfo #info_link{width:100%;display:block}#articleinfo #info_link,.collapse_link{ background:url(/extensions/wikihow/mobile/images/show_sources.svg) right .5em center / 20px no-repeat} #social_proof_mobile + .articleinfo #articleinfo,#summary_wrapper + .articleinfo #articleinfo{ padding:15px;border-top:1px solid #f3f3f3;border-radius:0 0 4px 4px;margin-top:-5px;position:relative;z-index:1}#summary_close{display:none}#references_second{padding-top:0;border-top:0;margin-top:-10px;border-top-left-radius:0;border-top-right-radius:0} .article_byline{color:#222;font-size:12px;overflow:auto}#intro .article_byline p{line-height:1rem;margin:0}#recipe_byline{line-height:24px; }#coauthor_byline{margin-bottom:.75rem}#byline_info{line-height:1rem}#coauthor_byline p,#coauthor_byline p a{color:#595959}.last_updated_highlighted{font-weight:bold}#coauthor_byline p:last-child{padding-top:.1em}.coauthor_link{font-weight:bold}.coauthor_pipe{padding:0 .15em}.coauthor_checkstar{padding-right:1.2em;background:right center / .9em no-repeat; background-image:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg width='14' height='14' fill='none' xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%3E%3Cpath d='M13.499 7.249c.031-.506-.475-.98-1.234-1.265.633-.538.917-1.17.728-1.645-.19-.443-.823-.664-1.582-.6.285-.728.285-1.36-.063-1.708-.38-.348-1.043-.253-1.707.126C9.609 1.367 9.324.766 8.85.64c-.506-.158-1.075.253-1.55.949C6.92.86 6.383.418 5.877.513c-.506.095-.853.664-.948 1.454-.633-.474-1.297-.6-1.708-.316-.443.285-.506.917-.285 1.645-.759-.127-1.391 0-1.644.442-.253.443 0 1.076.538 1.676C1.039 5.636.5 6.047.5 6.553c-.031.506.475 1.012 1.234 1.265-.601.569-.917 1.201-.696 1.676.19.474.822.664 1.581.6-.284.728-.284 1.36.063 1.708.38.316 1.044.253 1.708-.126.032.79.316 1.36.79 1.518.507.158 1.076-.253 1.55-.949.38.727.917 1.17 1.423 1.075.506-.095.854-.664.949-1.454.632.474 1.296.6 1.708.316.41-.285.474-.949.253-1.676.759.126 1.391 0 1.644-.443.253-.443 0-1.075-.538-1.676.791-.221 1.329-.633 1.329-1.138Z' fill='%2355AAE4'/%3E%3Cpath d='m10.052 5.699-3.51 3.51a.2.2 0 0 1-.285 0L3.948 7.343c-.19-.19-.19-.284 0-.474l.633-.632c.253-.253.316-.19.506 0l1.138.885c.063.063.19.063.253-.032L8.976 4.53c.19-.19.285-.221.475 0l.632.632c.19.253.222.285-.031.538Z' fill='%23fff'/%3E%3C/svg%3E")}.coauthor_avatar_badge.staff_badge{background-image:url("data:image/svg+xml,%0A%3Csvg width='12' height='12' fill='none' xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%3E%3Ccircle cx='6' cy='6' r='6' fill='%239CB77C'/%3E%3Cpath d='M.555 4.589h1.808v.66h-.075c-.087 0-.143.009-.168.027a.108.108 0 0 0-.048.092c0 .034.01.083.031.147l.479 1.477.413-1.152-.11-.325a.43.43 0 0 0-.119-.202.337.337 0 0 0-.205-.064v-.66h1.72v.66h-.14c-.078 0-.132.01-.162.034a.117.117 0 0 0-.044.099c0 .04.014.1.041.178l.414 1.227.417-1.227a.619.619 0 0 0 .04-.182.104.104 0 0 0-.05-.095c-.033-.023-.1-.034-.206-.034h-.078v-.66h1.534v.66a.708.708 0 0 0-.215.02.225.225 0 0 0-.089.065.96.96 0 0 0-.106.226L4.717 8h-.905l-.51-1.377L2.784 8h-.912l-.9-2.44a.767.767 0 0 0-.116-.216.193.193 0 0 0-.088-.075.822.822 0 0 0-.212-.02v-.66Z' fill='%231D221D'/%3E%3Cpath d='M5.75 3.232h2.327v.66h-.215c-.119 0-.2.012-.243.037a.194.194 0 0 0-.092.103.923.923 0 0 0-.027.287v.83h1.736v-.892a.785.785 0 0 0-.02-.222.18.18 0 0 0-.093-.113c-.043-.02-.139-.03-.287-.03h-.181v-.66h2.334v.66h-.195c-.132 0-.22.011-.263.034a.18.18 0 0 0-.092.095c-.016.042-.024.14-.024.298v2.584c0 .16.01.263.03.31a.21.21 0 0 0 .1.1c.046.018.148.027.307.027h.137V8H8.655v-.66h.154c.143 0 .24-.011.29-.034a.19.19 0 0 0 .106-.099c.02-.043.03-.145.03-.304V5.895H7.5v1.008c0 .16.006.258.02.297a.186.186 0 0 0 .106.113.981.981 0 0 0 .29.027h.161V8H5.75v-.66h.157a.774.774 0 0 0 .277-.034.192.192 0 0 0 .106-.096c.02-.04.03-.13.03-.27V4.35c0-.162-.01-.267-.03-.315a.196.196 0 0 0-.09-.11.558.558 0 0 0-.239-.033H5.75v-.66Z' fill='%23fff'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:19px}.coauthor_avatar_badge.no_badge{background-image:none}.coauthor_avatar_badge{height:19px;width:19px;position:absolute;margin:37px 0 0 37px;z-index:1; background-image:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg width='14' height='14' fill='none' xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%3E%3Cpath d='M13.499 7.249c.031-.506-.475-.98-1.234-1.265.633-.538.917-1.17.728-1.645-.19-.443-.823-.664-1.582-.6.285-.728.285-1.36-.063-1.708-.38-.348-1.043-.253-1.707.126C9.609 1.367 9.324.766 8.85.64c-.506-.158-1.075.253-1.55.949C6.92.86 6.383.418 5.877.513c-.506.095-.853.664-.948 1.454-.633-.474-1.297-.6-1.708-.316-.443.285-.506.917-.285 1.645-.759-.127-1.391 0-1.644.442-.253.443 0 1.076.538 1.676C1.039 5.636.5 6.047.5 6.553c-.031.506.475 1.012 1.234 1.265-.601.569-.917 1.201-.696 1.676.19.474.822.664 1.581.6-.284.728-.284 1.36.063 1.708.38.316 1.044.253 1.708-.126.032.79.316 1.36.79 1.518.507.158 1.076-.253 1.55-.949.38.727.917 1.17 1.423 1.075.506-.095.854-.664.949-1.454.632.474 1.296.6 1.708.316.41-.285.474-.949.253-1.676.759.126 1.391 0 1.644-.443.253-.443 0-1.075-.538-1.676.791-.221 1.329-.633 1.329-1.138Z' fill='%2355AAE4'/%3E%3Cpath d='m10.052 5.699-3.51 3.51a.2.2 0 0 1-.285 0L3.948 7.343c-.19-.19-.19-.284 0-.474l.633-.632c.253-.253.316-.19.506 0l1.138.885c.063.063.19.063.253-.032L8.976 4.53c.19-.19.285-.221.475 0l.632.632c.19.253.222.285-.031.538Z' fill='%23fff'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");background-size:cover}.coauthor_circle_i{padding-left:1.2em;background:left 1px / .9em no-repeat; background-image:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg viewBox='0 0 100 100' xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%3E%3Cg fill='none' fill-rule='evenodd'%3E%3Ccircle fill='%23307530' cx='50' cy='50' r='50'/%3E%3Crect fill='%23FFF' x='42' y='39' width='16' height='42' rx='4'/%3E%3Ccircle fill='%23FFF' cx='50' cy='26' r='9'/%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E")}#coauthor_image{float:left;margin:3px 10px 0 0;border-radius:16%;width:50px;height:50px;max-width:50px;overflow:hidden}.article_byline .sp_star_section_upper{margin-bottom:-4px;min-width:115px}.byline_extra{white-space:nowrap}.byline_references{background:left center no-repeat; background-image:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 9.12 11.86'%3E%3Cg opacity='.8'%3E%3Cpath fill='%23595959' d='M8.66,2.74H1.82a.92.92,0,0,1,0-1.83H8.66A.46.46,0,0,0,9.12.46.46.46,0,0,0,8.66,0H1.82A1.83,1.83,0,0,0,0,1.82V10a1.84,1.84,0,0,0,1.82,1.83H8.66a.47.47,0,0,0,.46-.46h0V3.19a.46.46,0,0,0-.46-.45Zm-6.84,8.2A.91.91,0,0,1,.91,10V3.39a1.74,1.74,0,0,0,.91.26H8.21V11Zm7.3-9.12a.45.45,0,0,1-.45.46H1.82a.46.46,0,0,1,0-.91H8.66a.46.46,0,0,1,.46.45Z'/%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E");padding-left:1.2em}#coauthor_byline p > *{margin-right:.5em}.success_stories{padding-right:.3em}.ss_pipe{color:#e9e7e3}.byline_success{white-space:nowrap;background:left center / 1em no-repeat; background-image:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 16.276 15.081'%3E%3Cg transform='translate(-44.1 -201.134)'%3E%3Cpath d='M57.213 209.537v6.107a.572.572 0 01-.571.571h-8.858a.572.572 0 01-.571-.571v-6.107a.572.572 0 01.571-.571.585.585 0 01.14.023.508.508 0 01.315.2.6.6 0 01.117.35v3.508h6.119a.571.571 0 110 1.142h-6.12v.886h7.716v-5.536a.571.571 0 011.142 0z' fill='%2397ba78'/%3E%3Cpath d='M52.213 201.134l-.606 1.224a2.5 2.5 0 00-1.876 2.471.541.541 0 01-.07.268.563.563 0 01-.769.233 2.322 2.322 0 00-1.177-.291H47.7a2.5 2.5 0 00-2.459 2.552 2.538 2.538 0 001.97 2.517l.711-1.119a.508.508 0 01.315.2l-1.026 2.075a3.708 3.708 0 01.5-7.366 4.032 4.032 0 01.979.128 3.617 3.617 0 013.523-2.892z' fill='%2397ba78'/%3E%3Cpath d='M52.259 201.134l.606 1.224a2.5 2.5 0 011.876 2.471.541.541 0 00.07.268.563.563 0 00.769.233 2.322 2.322 0 011.177-.291h.012a2.5 2.5 0 012.459 2.552 2.538 2.538 0 01-1.97 2.517l-.711-1.119a.509.509 0 00-.315.2l1.026 2.075a3.708 3.708 0 00-.5-7.366 4.032 4.032 0 00-.979.128 3.617 3.617 0 00-3.52-2.892z' fill='%2397ba78'/%3E%3Cpath d='M48.146 205.709a2.253 2.253 0 00-2.209 2.274.564.564 0 001.126 0 1.091 1.091 0 011.069-1.113h.014a.581.581 0 000-1.161z' fill='%2397ba78'/%3E%3Cpath d='M51.064 202.568a2.763 2.763 0 012.347 0l-1.042-1.434H52.1z' fill='%2397ba78'/%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E");padding-left:1.2em}#coauthor_byline p a.eat_tag{font-weight:600;padding-left:1.3em;background:left center / 1em no-repeat; background-image:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 7.154 7.154'%3E%3Cg transform='translate(-58.981 -26.634)' opacity='.8'%3E%3Cpath d='M64.456 29.509l-2.2 2.2a.125.125 0 01-.177 0l-1.446-1.169c-.119-.119-.119-.179 0-.3l.4-.4c.158-.159.2-.119.317 0l.713.554a.105.105 0 00.148-.006l.01-.013 1.565-1.6c.119-.119.178-.137.3 0l.4.4c.108.156.128.175-.03.334z' fill='%23595959'/%3E%3Crect width='6.554' height='6.554' rx='1.689' transform='translate(59.281 26.934)' fill='none' stroke='%23595959' stroke-miterlimit='10' stroke-width='.6'/%3E%3C/g%3E%3C/svg%3E")}.eat_tag:hover{text-decoration:none}.sp_expert_text{line-height:52px;text-align:left;margin-left:65px}.sp_expert_text > div{line-height:normal;display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;margin:0 auto;color:#222}.sp_expert_name,.sp_expert_team{font-size:16px;font-weight:bold}.sp_expert_blurb{font-weight:normal}.sp_coauthor_label{font-size:.85em;font-weight:bold;color:#545454}.ar_avatar{width:50px;height:50px;overflow:hidden;position:absolute;border-radius:16%;margin-top:2px;box-sizing:border-box}.expert_initials{background:#97ba78;color:#475346;text-align:center;font-size:22px;font-weight:bold;line-height:50px}.sp_top_icon_bg{margin:0;position:absolute;width:50px;height:50px;background-color:#ADC996;border-radius:16%}.sp_top_icon_bg > div{background-repeat:no-repeat}#trust_banner{width:100%;position:relative;z-index:1;box-sizing:border-box;background-color:#e4ecdc;padding:.5em 15px;font-size:12px;line-height:1em;top:40px}#trust_banner > div{max-width:728px;margin:0 auto}#trust_banner a{color:#417505;padding-left:1.5em;font-weight:normal; background:url(/skins/owl/images/sp_expert_icon_white.svg) left center / 1.1em no-repeat}#trust_banner span{display:none}.sp_star_section_upper{display:inline-block}.sp_star_container{position:relative;width:21px;height:20px;float:left;border-right:2px solid transparent;background:url(/skins/owl/images/sp_helpful_icon_star_empty.optimized.svg) 0 0 / cover no-repeat}.sp_helpful_icon_star{width:100%;height:100%;position:absolute;background:url(/skins/owl/images/sp_helpful_icon_star.optimized.svg) 0 0 / cover no-repeat}.pretty_star,.sp_helpful_box .recipe_star{ background-image:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 26.028 24.652'%3E%3Cpath fill='%2393B874' d='M13.014 0l4.022 8.115 8.992 1.301-6.507 6.316 1.536 8.919-8.043-4.211-8.043 4.211 1.536-8.919L0 9.416l8.992-1.301L13.014 0z'/%3E%3C/svg%3E")}.recipe_star{ background-image:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 26.028 24.652'%3E%3Cpath fill='%23fecf4f' d='M13.014 0l4.022 8.115 8.992 1.301-6.507 6.316 1.536 8.919-8.043-4.211-8.043 4.211 1.536-8.919L0 9.416l8.992-1.301L13.014 0z'/%3E%3C/svg%3E")} @media only screen and (min-width:500px) and (min-aspect-ratio:13/9){.content .sticking .edit-page{margin-right:50px}}@media only screen and (min-width:768px){.mwimg{border-bottom:none}.related-article{width:48%;margin-right:2%}}.skin-minervawh .content .section-heading{margin-bottom:0;border:none}.content ol{list-style:decimal inside}.content .in-block.steps_text{display:block}.mw-mf-cleanup{display:block;padding:10px 15px 10px 44px;background:url(/extensions/wikihow/MobileFrontendWikihow/images/wikihow/icon-notification.svg) 10px center / 24px no-repeat;margin-bottom:4px}.overlay-issues .cleanup > li .issue-notice{padding-top:50px} #sidebar #jpt_sidebox{padding:0;background-color:#f6f5f4}#footer_ccpa,#footer_ccpa_optout{display:none}.reference.trusted{background:url(/skins/owl/images/sp_expert_icon_white.svg) no-repeat right 2px/12px;padding-right:14px;display:inline-block}.reference{position:relative} .bolded{font-weight:bold;font-size:14px}.steps_text.healthintro{margin-bottom:0;border-bottom-right-radius:0;border-bottom-left-radius:0}.healtharticle{margin-bottom:25px}.healtharticle .altblock{background:#93b874 url(/extensions/wikihow/wikihowhealth/icon_wikihow_health.svg) center / 32px no-repeat}a.pdf_link{color:#545454;border-radius:4px}.small_pdf_link{display:inline-flex;font-size:12px;margin:-5px 0 10px;padding:.35em;border:1px solid #e7e7e7;background-color:#f6f6f6}.hide_pdf_button{display:none}.pdf_link > img{width:15px;margin-right:5px}.large_pdf_link{display:none}.pdf_link.pdf_link_hidden{display:none !important}a.pdf_link.disabled{pointer-events:none;opacity:.2}a.pdf_link:hover,a.pdf_link:active{text-decoration:none}.pdf_link > div{display:inline-block;font-size:10px;color:#FFF;background:#FFCF5A;border-radius:2px;margin-left:.75em;padding:0 .5em;height:16px;line-height:17px}.test_list_method .method_label,.test_list_method .step_num{display:none}.test_list_method .step,.test_list_method li{font-size:18px;line-height:26px}.test_list_method #mf-section-0 p{font-size:18px;line-height:26px} #sd_container{border:none}#sd_container{padding:15px;background-color:#FFF;-moz-border-radius:4px;-webkit-border-radius:4px;border-radius:4px;display:-ms-flexbox;display:-webkit-flex;display:flex;-webkit-flex-wrap:wrap;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap;-webkit-justify-content:space-around;-ms-flex-pack:distribute;justify-content:space-around;-webkit-align-items:stretch;-ms-flex-align:stretch;align-items:stretch}.sd_content{width:125px;margin:auto}.sd_thumb{position:relative;text-align:center;width:100%;max-width:200px;margin:6px}.sd_thumb img{border:1px solid #BBB;width:100%;height:auto} .qa_user_hover{display:none} .qa_answers{position:relative}.qa_obscured_prompt{display:block;position:absolute;left:0;top:3.75em;right:0;bottom:0;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.5);z-index:2}.qa_unlocked .qa_obscured_prompt{display:none}.sd_obscured_link{position:absolute;left:0;top:0;bottom:0;right:0;cursor:pointer}.qa_obscured_answer_overlay,.sd_obscured_thumb_overlay{position:absolute;background-color:#F7FAF5;box-shadow:1px 1px 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.41);border-radius:5px;padding:10px 15px;z-index:1;box-sizing:border-box;display:table}.qa_obscured_answer_overlay{left:1em;top:0.5em;text-shadow:none;color:initial;min-height:72px;max-width:85%}.sd_obscured_thumb_overlay{font-size:smaller}.qa_obscured_answer_overlay:hover,.sd_obscured_link:hover .sd_obscured_thumb_overlay{background-color:#F2F6EB}.qa_obscured_answer_overlay a,.sd_obscured_thumb_overlay a{font-weight:bold}.qa_obscured_answer_overlay a:hover,.sd_obscured_link:hover .sd_obscured_thumb_overlay a{text-decoration:none}.qa_obscured_answer_overlay_img,.sd_obscured_thumb_overlay_img{position:absolute;border:none !important}.qa_obscured_answer_overlay_img{width:37px !important}.sd_obscured_thumb_overlay_img{width:24px !important}.qa_obscured_answer_overlay p,.sd_obscured_thumb_overlay p{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle;text-align:left;padding:0 0 0 52px;margin:0}#sd_container .sd_thumb .sd_obscured_thumb_overlay p{line-height:18px}.sd_obscured_thumb_overlay p{padding:0 0 0 32px}.qa_obscured_answer_overlay p strong,.sd_obscured_thumb_overlay p strong{color:#307530}.qa_answer.qa_obscured_answer{margin:1em 0 0 0;color:transparent;text-shadow:0 0 5px rgba(0,0,0,0.5)}.sd_obscured_prompt{padding-top:25%}.qa_obscured_cta{position:absolute;right:0;top:0;bottom:0;font-size:0.7em;font-weight:normal;text-align:right;background-color:#FDF5D1;padding:13px;border-top-right-radius:4px;max-width:62%}.qa_obscured_cta_pitch{display:block;font-weight:bold}.qa_obscured_cta_link{display:inline-block;font-weight:bold}@media only screen and (max-width:727px){.qa_obscured_cta{display:none}}#eu_cp_save{display:none}.menuitem.top_cat{padding-left:25px;font-size:14px;line-height:22px}#promopair_container{display:none}#housebottom_ad{display:none}.house-promo{display:none}#left_sidebox{display:none}@media only screen and (max-width:727px){.sample_initial_location{display:none}}#footer_links li{word-break:break-word}#hamburger_dot{display:none}.cat_grid_filter{display:none}.ccpa_footer_extra{display:none}.m-video-intro-over{position:absolute;top:0;z-index:3;width:100%;visibility:hidden;background:rgba(0,0,0,.3);height:100%}.section.summary_with_video h2{background-color:#F0F4EB;color:#fff;border-bottom:0}.summary_with_video h2 span.mw-headline{color:#222}.m-video-play-count-triangle{width:0;height:0;border-top:11px solid rgba(145,182,115,1);border-bottom:11px solid rgba(145,182,115,1);border-left:20px solid #fff;display:inline-block;position:absolute;top:19px;left:20px;background-image:none}.m-video-intro-over .m-video-play{border:none;width:74px;height:60px;padding-left:47px;line-height:60px;color:#fff;font-size:18px;top:0;bottom:0;font-weight:bold;margin:auto;position:absolute;left:0;right:0;text-align:left;cursor:default;user-select:none}.m-video-intro-over .m-video-play-text{background-color:#91b673;border-radius:10px;padding-right:21px;padding-left:47px;margin-left:-47px;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap}.m-video::-webkit-media-controls-overlay-play-button{display:none}.m-video-controls{position:absolute;left:0;right:0;top:0;bottom:0}@media only screen and (min-width:728px){.section.summary_with_video h2{background-color:#FFF;border-radius:4px 4px 0 0}}.content .portrait .m-video{aspect-ratio:9/16;max-width:430px}.content .portrait .m-video-controls{margin:0 auto;max-width:430px}@media only screen and (min-width:728px){.section.quicksummary.vertical_video{margin-top:0}}.m-video-intro-text:nth-child(1){font-size:2em}.m-video-intro-text.m-video-intro-text-long{font-size:1.5em}.m-video-intro-text.m-video-intro-text-very-long{font-size:1em}#m-video-intro-time-v2{bottom:-11px;font-size:1.2em;height:48px;width:43px;line-height:2.65em}.embedvideo_gdpr_message{font-size:12px;font-weight:normal;line-height:14px;padding-left:5px;display:none}.embedvideo_gdpr_label{background:url(/skins/owl/images/sp_icon_info.png); background:url(/skins/owl/images/sp_icon_info.svg);background-size:14px;background-repeat:no-repeat;height:14px;padding-left:8px;margin-bottom:2px;vertical-align:bottom;cursor:pointer;overflow:hidden;display:inline-block}#show_embedvideo_gdpr_block{display:none}#show_embedvideo_gdpr_block:checked ~ .embedvideo_gdpr_message{display:block}#show_embedvideo_gdpr_block:checked ~ .edit-page{background-position-y:calc(75% - 9px)}.geo-group-eu .gdpr_only{visibility:visible}.geo-group-eu .no_gdpr{visibility:hidden}.video .mw-headline{display:inline}.header .search{display:table-cell}.header .search .cse_q{width:25px;height:25px;padding-right:25px}.header .search .cse_q:focus{position:absolute;left:5px;top:5px;right:5px;width:auto}.header .search .cse_sa{background-color:transparent;background-image:url(/extensions/wikihow/mobile/images/gray_mag.png); background-image:url(/extensions/wikihow/mobile/images/gray_mag.svg);background-size:25px 25px;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-position:center center;width:25px;height:25px;border:none;margin:0;padding:0;cursor:pointer;right:10px}#mw-mf-viewport{background-color:#E9E7E3}#mw-mf-viewport.menuopen{overflow:auto}#sidebar{display:none}.section.bss_share_container{margin-top:0;text-align:center}.bss_share_container > div{background:#F6F6F6;width:100%;max-width:300px;margin:auto}.bss_share_title.section-heading{border:0;background:none}.bss_share_container .section_text{padding-top:0px;background:none}.bss_share_button.button.secondary{display:inline-block;font-weight:bold;color:#97ba78;border:1px #97ba78 solid;background-color:#fff;margin-right:0}#mw-mf-page-left{position:fixed;height:auto;top:0;left:0;bottom:0;min-width:275px;visibility:hidden;z-index:4;overflow-y:auto;-webkit-transform:translate(-100%,0);-ms-transform:translate(-100%,0);transform:translate(-100%,0);-webkit-transition:opacity 250ms ease-in-out,visibility 250ms ease-in-out,transform 250ms ease-in-out;transition:opacity 250ms ease-in-out,visibility 250ms ease-in-out,transform 250ms ease-in-out}#mw-mf-page-left ul li a{font-size:0.9em}#mw-mf-page-left.menu_opened{visibility:visible;box-shadow:1px 0 8px 0 rgb(0 0 0 / 35%);-webkit-transform:translate(0,0);-ms-transform:translate(0,0);transform:translate(0,0)}#mw-mf-page-left .icon-user{position:relative;font-weight:bold}#mw-mf-page-left .icon-user .icon-secondary{position:absolute;right:0;top:0;bottom:0;border-left:1px solid #a2a9b1}.header.love_button #mw-mf-main-menu-button{width:50px}.love_button #hs,.love_button #hs_query{width:60px}.love_button #hs.hs_active,.love_button .hs_active #hs_query{width:100%}#wikilove_button.button{display:block;background:#FABC3B;color:#FFF;font-size:.8em;font-weight:bold;padding:.25em .5em;margin:0;border-radius:7px;border:none}@media only screen and (min-width:600px){.love_button #hs,.love_button #hs.hs_active{width:72px}.love_button #hs_query,.love_button .hs_active #hs_query{width:180px}}@media only screen and (min-width:768px){.sp_num_votes{margin-top:2px}.section .bss_share_button.button.secondary{width:75%}.bss_share_container > div{background:none;max-width:none}.bss_share_title.section-heading,.bss_share_container .section_text{background-color:#FFF}}@media only screen and (max-width:320px){#gdpr_text{max-width:72%}#gdpr{padding:5px 0 6px;max-height:70px}.gdpr_button,button.gdpr_button{font-size:0.7em;max-width:45px}}@media only screen and (max-width:300px){#gdpr_text{font-size:0.8em;max-width:78%}.gdpr_button,button.gdpr_button{margin-left:3px;padding:4px 8px 5px}}@media only screen and (min-width:450px){#gdpr_text{max-width:80%}.gdpr_button,button.gdpr_button{margin-left:10px}}@media only screen and (min-width:600px){#gdpr{padding:13px 5px 14px}#gdpr_text{max-width:88%}.gdpr_button{margin-left:10px;padding:1px 6px}}@media only screen and (device-width:375px) and (device-height:812px) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio:3){#gdpr{padding-bottom:15px}}.loader{position:absolute;display:block;height:10px;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translateX(-50%) translateY(-50%);transform-origin:50% 50%;white-space:nowrap}.loader-dot{animation:loader-dots 1s infinite}.loader-dot{position:relative;display:inline-block;height:10px;width:10px;margin:2px;border-radius:100%;background-color:rgba(137,172,108,1);will-change:transform}.loader-dot:nth-child(1){animation-delay:0s}.loader-dot:nth-child(2){animation-delay:.3s}.loader-dot:nth-child(3){animation-delay:.5s}@keyframes loader-dots{0%,100%{transform:scale(1);background-color:rgba(137,172,108,1)}50%{transform:scale(.7);background-color:rgba(137,172,108,0.9)}}.related-filter{background-color:#FFF;color:#668051;border:1px solid #668051;padding:5px 15px;border-radius:20px;display:inline-block;margin-bottom:10px;margin-left:5px}.related-filter:first-of-type{margin-left:0}.related-filter:hover{text-decoration:underline;cursor:pointer}.related-filter.active{background-color:#E6EEE0}

  • RANDOM
  • LOG IN

    Log in

    Facebook
    Google
    wikiHow Account
    No account yet? Create an account
  • EXPLORE
    CouponsTech Help ProRandom ArticleAbout Us
    QuizzesContributeTrain Your Brain GameImprove Your English
    Popular Categories
    Arts and EntertainmentArtworkBooksMovies
    Computers and ElectronicsComputersPhone SkillsTechnology Hacks
    HealthMen's HealthMental HealthWomen's Health
    RelationshipsDatingLoveRelationship Issues
    Hobbies and CraftsCraftsDrawingGames
    Education & CommunicationCommunication SkillsPersonal DevelopmentStudying
    Personal Care and StyleFashionHair CarePersonal Hygiene
    YouthPersonal CareSchool StuffDating
    All Categories
    Arts and EntertainmentFinance and BusinessHome and GardenRelationship Quizzes
    Cars & Other VehiclesFood and EntertainingPersonal Care and StyleSports and Fitness
    Computers and ElectronicsHealthPets and AnimalsTravel
    Education & CommunicationHobbies and CraftsPhilosophy and ReligionWork World
    Family LifeHolidays and TraditionsRelationshipsYouth
  • HELP US
    Support wikiHow Community Dashboard Write an Article Request a New Article More Ideas...
  • EDIT
    Edit this Article
  • UPGRADE
  • Upgrade to wikiHow Pro
  • Home
  • Random
  • Browse Articles
  • Courses
  • QuizzesNew
  • Train Your BrainNew
  • Improve Your EnglishNew
  • Support wikiHow
  • About wikiHow
  • Easy Ways to Help
  • Approve Questions
  • Fix Spelling
  • More Things to Try...
  • Coupons
  • H&M Coupons
  • Hotwire Promo Codes
  • StubHub Discount Codes
  • Ashley Furniture Coupons
  • Blue Nile Promo Codes
  • NordVPN Coupons
  • Samsung Promo Codes
  • Chewy Promo Codes
  • Ulta Coupons
  • Vistaprint Promo Codes
  • Shutterfly Promo Codes
  • DoorDash Promo Codes
  • Office Depot Coupons
  • adidas Promo Codes
  • Home Depot Coupons
  • DSW Coupons
  • Bed Bath and Beyond Coupons
  • Lowe's Coupons
  • Surfshark Coupons
  • Nordstrom Coupons
  • Walmart Promo Codes
  • Dick's Sporting Goods Coupons
  • Fanatics Coupons
  • Edible Arrangements Coupons
  • eBay Coupons
  • Log in / Sign up
Terms of Use
We use cookies to make wikiHow great. By using our site, you agree to our cookie policy.Cookie Settings
Okay
✖
wikiHow is where trusted research and expert knowledge come together. Learn why people trust wikiHow
',$(a).appendTo("#quiz_small_affiliate_placeholder"),$(a).insertBefore(".youmightalsolike"),a='
',$("#quiz_top_wrap").append(a),$('
').insertBefore("#newsletter_block_main"),la(!0),c=document.getElementsByClassName("scrolltomarker"),a=0;a
  • Categories
  • Cars & Other Vehicles
  • Cars
  • Car Maintenance and Repair
  • Car Brakes

How to Change Rear Brake Shoes

Download Article
Explore this Article
parts
1 Removing Brake Drums
2 Pulling Out Old Brake Pads
3 Replacing Brake Pads
Other Sections
Questions & Answers
Related Articles
References
Article Summary
Co-authored by Ed Beery

Last Updated: October 14, 2022

Download Article
X

This article was co-authored by Ed Beery. Ed Beery is an Automotive Specialist and the Owner of InTechgrity Automotive Excellence based in Denver, Colorado. With more than eight years of experience, he specializes in providing maintenance and repair services for both individuals and companies. Ed and the InTechgrity Automotive Excellence Team are approved by the American Automobile Association (AAA) for repairs and are Automotive Service Excellence (ASE) certified.

This article has been viewed 180,469 times.

One of the most important safety features of a car is its ability to stop. Replacing the rear brake shoes on a car will ensure that the brakes are in good working order and ready to function properly in the event of an emergency. You can learn how to change rear brake shoes in a professional manner to save yourself money and to help you understand your car better. Even a novice can learn to change brake shoes, provided they have the right tools.

Steps

Part 1
Part 1 of 3:

Removing Brake Drums

Download Article
  1. WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('73e8741bfcccbe2aff6df322395dfa67') WH.performance.clearMarks('image1_rendered'); WH.performance.mark('image1_rendered');{"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/8\/8f\/Change-Rear-Brake-Shoes-Step-1-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Change-Rear-Brake-Shoes-Step-1-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"\/images\/thumb\/8\/8f\/Change-Rear-Brake-Shoes-Step-1-Version-3.jpg\/aid1430717-v4-728px-Change-Rear-Brake-Shoes-Step-1-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"

    License: Creative Commons
    \n


    \n"}

    1
    Jack the vehicle up and remove the wheel. Park the vehicle on a firm, level surface. Use a tire iron or the appropriate socket to loosen the lug nuts on the first rear wheel, then slide a jack beneath one of the vehicle’s rear designated jack points to lift the vehicle up.[1] X Research source
    • Always use jack stands when working on a jacked up vehicle.
    • Unscrew the lug nuts and remove the wheel.
    • Refer to your vehicle owner’s manual if you need assistance locating the designated jack points.
  2. WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('7bd8a400b8cb766e8fc93db8e1acfa98') {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/b\/b5\/Change-Rear-Brake-Shoes-Step-2-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Change-Rear-Brake-Shoes-Step-2-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"\/images\/thumb\/b\/b5\/Change-Rear-Brake-Shoes-Step-2-Version-3.jpg\/aid1430717-v4-728px-Change-Rear-Brake-Shoes-Step-2-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"

    License: Creative Commons
    \n


    \n"}

    2
    Remove the dust cap with a screwdriver. With the wheel removed, you will be able to see the outside of the brake drum directly behind where the wheel used to be. The center of the circular brake drum is a removable dust cap. Slide a flat head screw driver into the gap beneath the dust cap and pry it toward you to remove it.[2] X Research source
    • The dust cap may have rusted in place or could be stuck due to brake dust and road grime.
    • If the cap doesn’t come off easily, spray it with rust remover like WD40 and allow it to sit for a minute before trying again.
    Advertisement
  3. WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('b0e9e0539d39cfbd9cdad1e026912166') {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/9\/9a\/Change-Rear-Brake-Shoes-Step-3-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Change-Rear-Brake-Shoes-Step-3-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"\/images\/thumb\/9\/9a\/Change-Rear-Brake-Shoes-Step-3-Version-3.jpg\/aid1430717-v4-728px-Change-Rear-Brake-Shoes-Step-3-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"

    License: Creative Commons
    \n


    \n"}

    3
    Use a ratchet to unscrew the axle bearing nut. Beneath the dust cover, you’ll find the axle bearing nut. This large nut is usually a 22 or 24 millimeter metric socket, or a 7/8” standard socket. Use a breaker bar or half inch drive ratchet to turn the nut counterclockwise in order to remove it.[3] X Research source
    • A traditional 3/8-inch drive socket wrench may not allow you to put enough pressure on the nut to break it loose.
    • Set the nut aside someplace safe for use when reinstalling the drum.
  4. WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('7d94ecd6073d99b83c198534ef151c1a') {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/9\/99\/Change-Rear-Brake-Shoes-Step-4-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Change-Rear-Brake-Shoes-Step-4-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"\/images\/thumb\/9\/99\/Change-Rear-Brake-Shoes-Step-4-Version-3.jpg\/aid1430717-v4-728px-Change-Rear-Brake-Shoes-Step-4-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"

    License: Creative Commons
    \n


    \n"}

    4
    Twist the drum as you pull it backward to remove it. With the axle nut removed, the drum will no longer be held in place, but may still be stuck on due to rust or grime. Twist the drum slightly as you remove it to break it free from any rust.[4] X Research source
    • The drum may be extremely difficult to remove.
  5. WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('a26e9d42b7adc2f670831826b2b32be9') {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/5\/5f\/Change-Rear-Brake-Shoes-Step-5-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Change-Rear-Brake-Shoes-Step-5-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"\/images\/thumb\/5\/5f\/Change-Rear-Brake-Shoes-Step-5-Version-3.jpg\/aid1430717-v4-728px-Change-Rear-Brake-Shoes-Step-5-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"

    License: Creative Commons
    \n


    \n"}

    5
    Spray the drum with rust remover if it’s stuck. Rust removers like WD40 can help loosen the grip created by rust on your vehicle’s drums. Spray it around the outside circumference of the drum where it meets the vehicle and give it a few minutes to set in. Then attempt to remove the drum again. [5] X Research source
    • You may bang on the drum with a rubber mallet to help loosen it up.
    • Do not strike the drum with a hammer, as it may damage it.
    • If you are replacing the drum as well, it doesn’t matter if you damage it.
  6. Advertisement
Part 2
Part 2 of 3:

Pulling Out Old Brake Pads

Download Article
  1. WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('7b6d925aa26df8fddd3d0126c1cacddd') {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/1\/1e\/Change-Rear-Brake-Shoes-Step-6-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Change-Rear-Brake-Shoes-Step-6-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"\/images\/thumb\/1\/1e\/Change-Rear-Brake-Shoes-Step-6-Version-3.jpg\/aid1430717-v4-728px-Change-Rear-Brake-Shoes-Step-6-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"

    License: Creative Commons
    \n


    \n"}

    1
    Use pliers to remove the primary brake shoe springs. The primary brake shoe springs are the large springs located beneath the drum once you remove it. Some vehicles will have one spring for each brake pad, while others may have two. All of the springs will need to be disconnected to relieve the tension and allow you to remove the pads.[6] X Research source
    • You may be able to remove the springs with your fingers, but it could pinch or injure you.
    • Try not to bend the springs out of shape, as you will reuse them when installing the new brake pads.
  2. WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('f6f09661983435c67185389b98a4ef5d') {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/3\/32\/Change-Rear-Brake-Shoes-Step-7-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Change-Rear-Brake-Shoes-Step-7-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"\/images\/thumb\/3\/32\/Change-Rear-Brake-Shoes-Step-7-Version-3.jpg\/aid1430717-v4-728px-Change-Rear-Brake-Shoes-Step-7-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"

    License: Creative Commons
    \n


    \n"}

    2
    Pull out the brake shoe clips. Use the same needle nose pliers to remove the clips that hold the brake shoe in place. There should be two clips inside the brake system that need to be removed prior to removing the pads themselves.[7] X Research source
    • Make sure to set the clips aside someplace safe for reuse when installing the new brake pads.
    • If the clips are damaged, you can often purchase replacement ones at your local auto parts store.
  3. WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('a21f0519bae88ccf35a9bfcb0d2a0af0') {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/8\/8e\/Change-Rear-Brake-Shoes-Step-8-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Change-Rear-Brake-Shoes-Step-8-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"\/images\/thumb\/8\/8e\/Change-Rear-Brake-Shoes-Step-8-Version-3.jpg\/aid1430717-v4-728px-Change-Rear-Brake-Shoes-Step-8-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"

    License: Creative Commons
    \n


    \n"}

    3
    Remove the parking brake cable. The parking brake cable will be much easier to remove after the spring tension has been relieved. In some applications, it may be easier to remove the parking brake cable after you’ve pulled the brake shoe set away from the backing plate.[8] X Research source
    • If you can’t determine how to remove the parking brake cable easily, refer to the service manual for your specific vehicle for further guidance.
  4. WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('914eb420e911d36d30c7f200ce7b4411') {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/b\/ba\/Change-Rear-Brake-Shoes-Step-9-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Change-Rear-Brake-Shoes-Step-9-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"\/images\/thumb\/b\/ba\/Change-Rear-Brake-Shoes-Step-9-Version-3.jpg\/aid1430717-v4-728px-Change-Rear-Brake-Shoes-Step-9-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"

    License: Creative Commons
    \n


    \n"}

    4
    Pull the brake shoe set free from the backing plate. Grip the brake pads on either side and pull them directly toward you to separate them from the backing plate. The springs will come with the brake shoe set, but the parking brake cable should remain with the vehicle.[9] X Research source
    • Once the brake shoe set have been removed from the backing plate, you can begin replacing the pads.
  5. Advertisement
Part 3
Part 3 of 3:

Replacing Brake Pads

Download Article
  1. WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('5ba45c2bf89398a07ba8c596bf71ed50') {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/4\/4b\/Change-Rear-Brake-Shoes-Step-10-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Change-Rear-Brake-Shoes-Step-10-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"\/images\/thumb\/4\/4b\/Change-Rear-Brake-Shoes-Step-10-Version-3.jpg\/aid1430717-v4-728px-Change-Rear-Brake-Shoes-Step-10-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"

    License: Creative Commons
    \n


    \n"}

    1
    Place the new brake set next to the old one. Lay out the new brake pad set on a table, then place the brake shoe set you just removed from the vehicle down on the table next to it. Be sure there are no other parts on the table that can get mixed up with the components as you transfer them from the old set to the new one.[10] X Research source
    • Compare the two sets of brake pads. Aside from the wear on the old ones, the two sets should be identical.
  2. WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('52e170858ab705885fadd5ffc4332f4d') {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/2\/2b\/Change-Rear-Brake-Shoes-Step-11-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Change-Rear-Brake-Shoes-Step-11-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"\/images\/thumb\/2\/2b\/Change-Rear-Brake-Shoes-Step-11-Version-3.jpg\/aid1430717-v4-728px-Change-Rear-Brake-Shoes-Step-11-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"

    License: Creative Commons
    \n


    \n"}

    2
    Swap components onto the new set. Starting with the springs, remove the components on the brake shoe set you pulled from your vehicle and place them on the new brake pads until the new pads are ready to be installed back into the vehicle.[11] X Research source
    • The number of springs and hardware you transfer may vary from vehicle to vehicle.
    • Refer to the service manual specific to your vehicle for further guidance.
  3. WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('ae5eec0a6981c708c08ed69e8e2f1d3b') {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/2\/20\/Change-Rear-Brake-Shoes-Step-12-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Change-Rear-Brake-Shoes-Step-12-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"\/images\/thumb\/2\/20\/Change-Rear-Brake-Shoes-Step-12-Version-3.jpg\/aid1430717-v4-728px-Change-Rear-Brake-Shoes-Step-12-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"

    License: Creative Commons
    \n


    \n"}

    3
    Reset the parking brake adjuster. The parking brake adjuster will need to be transferred along with the springs as you transfer the hardware from the old brake set to the new one. Push the adjuster wheel away from the pin as you install it onto the new brakes.[12] X Research source
    • You may also wind the threads inward to make the adjuster as short as possible before installing it if it does not have a pin.
    • The adjuster is designed to self-adjust for your parking brake once installed.
  4. WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('defb5e968136e18ff4dce74c49eda2e8') {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/2\/21\/Change-Rear-Brake-Shoes-Step-13-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Change-Rear-Brake-Shoes-Step-13-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"\/images\/thumb\/2\/21\/Change-Rear-Brake-Shoes-Step-13-Version-3.jpg\/aid1430717-v4-728px-Change-Rear-Brake-Shoes-Step-13-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"

    License: Creative Commons
    \n


    \n"}

    4
    Hold the brake spring away from the end of the cable. Use a pair of pliers or dikes to pull the parking brake spring away from the end of the cable. This will leave the end of the cable exposed to make it easier to install it back onto the brake assembly.[13] X Research source
    • If you are doing this job yourself, you may want to use locking pliers to hold the spring back from the end to make it easier to install.
  5. WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('4337c9dda555b631d31d758c3a2817db') {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/1\/1e\/Change-Rear-Brake-Shoes-Step-14-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Change-Rear-Brake-Shoes-Step-14-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"\/images\/thumb\/1\/1e\/Change-Rear-Brake-Shoes-Step-14-Version-3.jpg\/aid1430717-v4-728px-Change-Rear-Brake-Shoes-Step-14-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"

    License: Creative Commons
    \n


    \n"}

    5
    Place the shoe set against the backing plate and secure it. Press the brake shoe set with the new brake pads up against the backing plate, then reinstall the brake shoe clips you removed previously to hold the brake set in place.[14] X Research source
    • Some drum brake sets will come with replacement clips in the event you damaged the old ones.
  6. WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('96da62cbd24cec82044c71f257630376') {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/c\/c3\/Change-Rear-Brake-Shoes-Step-15-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Change-Rear-Brake-Shoes-Step-15-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"\/images\/thumb\/c\/c3\/Change-Rear-Brake-Shoes-Step-15-Version-3.jpg\/aid1430717-v4-728px-Change-Rear-Brake-Shoes-Step-15-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"

    License: Creative Commons
    \n


    \n"}

    6
    Connect the return springs. Reconnect the brake springs you disconnected in order to remove the old brakes. Use a pair of pliers to ensure you don’t pinch or injure yourself in the process. If the springs become too bent or damaged in the process, they will have to be replaced.[15] X Research source
    • Be careful not to overstretch the ends of the spring. If you do, you may be able to bend it back into place using the pliers, but if not, they will need to be replaced.
    • You can purchase replacement springs at your local auto parts store.
    • Reconnect the parking brake cable as well.
  7. WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('e71a343056a7b280df61a84256cb94a3') {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/thumb\/d\/dc\/Change-Rear-Brake-Shoes-Step-16-Version-3.jpg\/v4-460px-Change-Rear-Brake-Shoes-Step-16-Version-3.jpg","bigUrl":"\/images\/thumb\/d\/dc\/Change-Rear-Brake-Shoes-Step-16-Version-3.jpg\/aid1430717-v4-728px-Change-Rear-Brake-Shoes-Step-16-Version-3.jpg","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":345,"bigWidth":728,"bigHeight":546,"licensing":"

    License: Creative Commons
    \n


    \n"}

    7
    Install the new drum. Remove the new drum from the packaging and compare it to the old drum to ensure they have the same diameter. Place the new drum over the brake shoe set and screw the axle nut on to hold it in place.[16] X Research source
    • A new drum is required to allow the brakes to seat properly onto the new braking surface.
    • Replace the dust cover, then mount the wheel back on the vehicle and repeat the process on the other wheel.
  8. Advertisement

Community Q&A

Search
Add New Question
  • Question
    How do I loosen the drum shape cover?
    Community Answer
    After you take off the tire, there will be two holes. You can get a couple of bolts and twist them and it will take the drum cover off.
    Thanks! We're glad this was helpful.
    Thank you for your feedback.
    As a small thank you, we’d like to offer you a $30 gift card (valid at GoNift.com). Use it to try out great new products and services nationwide without paying full price—wine, food delivery, clothing and more. Enjoy! Claim Your Gift If wikiHow has helped you, please consider a small contribution to support us in helping more readers like you. We’re committed to providing the world with free how-to resources, and even $1 helps us in our mission. Support wikiHow
    Yes No
    Not Helpful 2 Helpful 7
  • Question
    How do I change a rear brake shoe if I tightened the brakes too much?
    Community Answer
    Are you sure you have the parking brake off? The adjuster can sometimes be an issue. Just turn it the other way to loosen, on those cars so equipped. It might be a bad brake cylinder getting stuck.
    Thanks! We're glad this was helpful.
    Thank you for your feedback.
    As a small thank you, we’d like to offer you a $30 gift card (valid at GoNift.com). Use it to try out great new products and services nationwide without paying full price—wine, food delivery, clothing and more. Enjoy! Claim Your Gift If wikiHow has helped you, please consider a small contribution to support us in helping more readers like you. We’re committed to providing the world with free how-to resources, and even $1 helps us in our mission. Support wikiHow
    Yes No
    Not Helpful 3 Helpful 2
Ask a Question
200 characters left
Include your email address to get a message when this question is answered.
Submit
      Advertisement

      You Might Also Like

      How toUse Brake Spring Pliers WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('171baf2e57f289a6c4909be201d01522')How toReplace Disc Brakes WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('06fa0ecca57aa9f0dc7a3ee35872a433')
      How toReplace Brake Rotors WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('70ce51c066424c995945aaf97e516173')How toTroubleshoot Your Brakes WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('11c6d88fdecd50a7097cf6460ff4677f')How toChange The Brake Pads in Your Car WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('a0dcf39cf44cbfd819f2a1295beef672')How toFree a Frozen Parking Brake WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('396959683cdd90b66b61399f36654619')How toReplace a Master Cylinder WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('119e35068aca064bbf4db8a5a81f081c')How toCheck Brake Pads WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('73498a7ba5734ba3f77ac9695a11fdba')How toFix a Brake Fluid Leak WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('21c7c122425ee558c64e0b9dc739d7aa')How toChange a Brake Caliper WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('9795e6bf111833376b09a9a37ad863d3')How toBleed a Master Cylinder WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('74ddb7450f5dd6ff121d84ca27f4be77')How toRemove Brake Drums WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('5922be05637021076338bc2609088374')Bad Brake Booster: Symptoms, Tests, and Troubleshooting WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('a44b7850255808209ca4e5f4f74d4475')How toBleed Car Brakes WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('14b95357fb615e199e0c6af3913815c2')
      Advertisement

      References

      1. ↑ https://www.2carpros.com/articles/how-to-replace-rear-brake-shoes-and-drums
      2. ↑ https://www.2carpros.com/articles/how-to-replace-rear-brake-shoes-and-drums
      3. ↑ https://www.2carpros.com/articles/how-to-replace-rear-brake-shoes-and-drums
      4. ↑ https://www.2carpros.com/articles/how-to-replace-rear-brake-shoes-and-drums
      5. ↑ https://www.2carpros.com/articles/how-to-replace-rear-brake-shoes-and-drums
      6. ↑ https://www.pepboys.com/parts/brakes/diy-reardrum/
      7. ↑ https://www.pepboys.com/parts/brakes/diy-reardrum/
      8. ↑ https://www.pepboys.com/parts/brakes/diy-reardrum/
      9. ↑ https://www.pepboys.com/parts/brakes/diy-reardrum/
      More References (7)
      1. ↑ https://www.howacarworks.com/brakes/replacing-a-drum-brake-wheel-cylinder
      2. ↑ https://www.2carpros.com/articles/how-to-replace-rear-brake-shoes-and-drums
      3. ↑ https://www.howacarworks.com/brakes/replacing-a-drum-brake-wheel-cylinder
      4. ↑ https://www.2carpros.com/articles/how-to-replace-rear-brake-shoes-and-drums
      5. ↑ https://www.howacarworks.com/brakes/replacing-a-drum-brake-wheel-cylinder
      6. ↑ https://www.2carpros.com/articles/how-to-replace-rear-brake-shoes-and-drums
      7. ↑ https://www.2carpros.com/articles/how-to-replace-rear-brake-shoes-and-drums

      About This Article

      Co-authored by:
      Ed Beery
      Automotive Specialist
      This article was co-authored by Ed Beery. Ed Beery is an Automotive Specialist and the Owner of InTechgrity Automotive Excellence based in Denver, Colorado. With more than eight years of experience, he specializes in providing maintenance and repair services for both individuals and companies. Ed and the InTechgrity Automotive Excellence Team are approved by the American Automobile Association (AAA) for repairs and are Automotive Service Excellence (ASE) certified. This article has been viewed 180,469 times.
      2 votes - 0%
      Co-authors: 6
      Updated: October 14, 2022
      Views: 180,469
      Categories: Car Brakes
      Article SummaryX

      If your brakes are squealing or aren’t working as effectively, it’s time to change your rear brake shoes. In order to do so, you need to remove the brake drums so you can pull out the old brake pads and replace them with new ones. Start by jacking up the vehicle and removing the wheel to access the brake drum behind it. You can then use a ratchet to remove the axle bearing nut and pull off the brake drum. Then, pull off the brake shoe springs, clips, and cable so you can pull off the old brake shoes. Slide the new brake shoes into place and reconnect all of the springs, clips, and cables so you can replace the drum and axle. Finish the job by putting the tire back on. For tips about how to loosen a stuck brake drum, keep reading!

      Did this summary help you?
      In other languages
      Español:cambiar las zapatas de los frenos traseros de tu auto
      • Print
      • Send fan mail to authors
      Thanks to all authors for creating a page that has been read 180,469 times.

      Reader Success Stories

      • Desmond Serubi

        Jul 12, 2018

        "Thank you very much for the information on how to change a brake shoes. After reading the instructions (it was my first time to replace a brake shoes our church bus), I found it very easy following the instructions. Keep up the good advice and information."..." more
      More reader stories Hide reader stories
      Share your story

      Did this article help you?

      Advertisement
      Cookies make wikiHow better. By continuing to use our site, you agree to our cookie policy.
      Co-authored by:
      Ed Beery
      Automotive Specialist
      2 votes - 0%
      Click a star to vote
      % of people told us that this article helped them.
      Co-authors: 6
      Updated: October 14, 2022
      Views: 180,469

      Desmond Serubi

      Jul 12, 2018

      "Thank you very much for the information on how to change a brake shoes. After reading the instructions (it was my first time to replace a brake shoes our church bus), I found it very easy following the instructions. Keep up the good advice and information."..." more

      Talent Mutasa

      Apr 14, 2017

      "Concise. I've actually applied the information, and it worked. Thank you."

      Donovan Du Toit

      Sep 1, 2018

      "Very user-friendly."
      Share yours! More success stories Hide success stories

      You Might Also Like

      How toUse Brake Spring PliersWH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('0f469ba041acf0c60be2c59ba2f52758')How toReplace Disc BrakesWH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('0313b93c5f7fe6f5c9252ba4e51a725d')How toReplace Brake RotorsWH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('abb4412d872592ab83a4364b22e4f016')How toTroubleshoot Your BrakesWH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('3291c5780bf9c02799146ac306bef58e')

      Featured Articles

      How toPrepare for the HSPTWH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('12f1a30e9983ce25789a490e89cd7390')How toHost a Burns SupperWH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('01614e0d610fdedcc02d14a628376684')How to Update Your Oak Kitchen Cabinets (With No Paint Needed)WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('b4830fd9b501678fa6a7451fad9c4822')How toCook Spaghetti SquashWH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('a7b628f47f7417a04362e6efc8f9204d')How to Make a Shag Haircut Work for You (Styling Advice for All Hair Types)WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('1cb00b3df10f9db1ddd944494994b67c')How to Stop a Puppy from Nipping or Biting During PlaytimeWH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('463fdcce26fc4f386625d385ab46213b')

      Trending Articles

      2 Ways to Permanently Delete Your Facebook AccountWH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('0b3df3ad9ce752cad19e55f12f35fef2')How to Tell if a Guy Has a Crush on YouWH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('78b6011267d8f46d3bdafe16f7a379e2')DIY Incense Sticks: Essential Oils, Fragrance Oils & Hand-rollingWH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('e89626630cccf6af31a895b3756457f0')Will Your iPhone's Alarm Go Off in Do Not Disturb Mode? Yes!WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('bcd1db54b7e28d6142d9b90b6f7ed988')What Do the 💁‍♀️ and 💁 (Tipping Hand) Emojis Mean?WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('db1b334259dcf3cc3bf66d1979142f2d')6 Easy Ways to Block Ads on Hulu ForeverWH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('b7d6651f744bfbbc59b1dd125315f2c3')

      Featured Articles

      How to Make a No Sew Fleece BlanketWH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('c4dd2d80111fce7b89d7cab4a18338e5')How Do I Play Scrabble? (Official Rules and Tips to Score Big)WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('093f979debf1b5d54cf049c28421e311')How toImprove MotivationWH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('696765f23ce41bf43a19459c70942201')Fixing a Clogged Bathtub Drain without Calling a PlumberWH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('98631d453e9bf7e1176571e5ac0f3335')15 Heavy Whipping Cream Substitutes (Including Vegan & Dairy-Free Options)WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('aac9a27b91706cae67ec0aa4219c3bc9')How toExerciseWH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('ed46b2335d63d70e60eaf30da09805b3')

      Quizzes

      Which Diet Is Right for Me QuizWH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('da82b3ca482c05722774b3c2a4ce7047')Take QuizDoes He Like Me QuizWH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('d7bcb076ac8bb412ff6161e6380517c2')Take QuizWhat Is My Aesthetic QuizWH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('1d072d6e35a0a47be04f6a9540673771')Take QuizWhat's Your Red Flag QuizWH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('2542beececcb6c088af31bfdf96944a9')Take QuizWhy Can't I Sleep QuizWH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('8f580e7aa33d41c910134848ca1b598f')Take QuizSocial Anxiety TestWH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('3e42e7b3a720d90c36ef8b19855a2571')Take Quiz

      Featured Articles

      How toBudget Your MoneyWH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('59bf6889a8c58354b8ffa19c046a2668')How toAccomplish Your New Year's ResolutionsWH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('c2fb2b4e4a0d5efe161625ed7dd98d1e')How toForgiveWH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('49c706c3aa2337023a38797f9677477f')How toTransform Yourself for the New YearWH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('a5ecb43cbd52bc33b3b1443924d9cfe8')How toSet Goals for LifeWH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('96a2bbb69ed6a7fe8d123f3162888b68')How toStart the New Year FreshWH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('b76d3bfcfbd1b7061173f424190cf16e')

      Watch Articles

      How toFold a Dollar Into a HeartWH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('723620f84b4f6aef84b9ec24e9d1c07c')How toAerate WineWH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('862d75a28bc5399ca2bfb65a8ec240ef')How toCook GarlicWH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('d1c0f4da966d9a27389d0261e79bd1ff')The 8 Best Ways to Make Paintbrushes Soft AgainWH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('076ad7018c01ede04b447e21d159ab9a')How toCook Basmati Brown RiceWH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('a937777cbd648e9c52740fecf73cc4a8')How toThicken a Cream SauceWH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('06c404a6d850b09f6380d49b454b5300')

      Trending Articles

      6 Easy Ways to Transfer Photos from iPhone to a PC or MacWH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('988e1bce6bec65e55969eee8e3704a1c')What to Wear to a Winery (Do's and Don'ts + Stylish Wine Tasting Outfits) WH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('89b2e463b22b63aca06a4428f51c3546')How toRemove Eyelash ExtensionsWH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('226eb5c554088f0f586685502b294c79')How toRemove Grease or Oil Stains from ClothingWH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('bcd9e317cb3cfd8eeb69e16b15f67230')Reverse Image Search in Google Lens: Android, iPhone, & DesktopWH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('632852134b1f628a9c2989b361e047f2')How toStore ChampagneWH.shared.addScrollLoadItem('e8930a13adb01e1128d4f78705a97047')


      • Categories
      • Cars & Other Vehicles
      • Cars
      • Car Maintenance and Repair
      • Car Brakes
      wikiHow Newsletter
      You're all set!
      Helpful how-tos delivered to
      your inbox every week!
      Sign me up!
      By signing up you are agreeing to receive emails according to our privacy policy.
      • Home
      • About wikiHow
      • Experts
      • Jobs
      • Contact Us
      • Site Map
      • Terms of Use
      • Privacy Policy
      • Do Not Sell or Share My Info
      • Not Selling Info
      • Contribute

      Follow Us

      wikiHow Tech Help Pro:

      Develop the tech skills you need for work and life

      Let's do this!
      X

      865
      Japan Auto Spare Parts Rear Brake Shoe